EV TECHNICIAN TRAINING
Battery & BMS Jaanch
Battery voltage, load behaviour, BMS protection aur battery fault ki jaanch.
What You Will Learn
Battery EV ka sabse mehnga aur zaroori hissa hai. Is module me battery type pehchanne se lekar voltage aur BMS protection tak ki jaanch seekhein.
1
Lead-acid Battery
Purani aur low-speed EV me use hone wali battery
Kai low-speed EV me 12V lead-acid batteries ko series me jodkar battery pack banaya jata hai.
Har battery ka voltage alag-alag measure kiya ja sakta hai.
Sirf poore pack ka voltage dekhkar weak battery hamesha nahi milti.
Charging aur load ke samay batteries ki reading compare karna upyogi ho sakta hai.
Loose terminal aur corrosion bhi battery ki performance kharab kar sakte hain.
Practical Tip:
Series pack me ek kamzor battery poore vehicle ki performance kam kar sakti hai.
2
Lithium Battery ke Main Hisse
Cell, pack aur BMS
Cell battery ki sabse chhoti main unit hai.
Kai cells series aur parallel me milkar battery pack banate hain.
BMS battery ko overcharge, over-discharge, over-current aur temperature jaise problems se bachane me madad karta hai.
NMC aur LFP alag lithium chemistry hain aur dono ka voltage behaviour alag ho sakta hai.
Battery repair se pehle chemistry aur cell configuration jaanna zaroori hai.
Practical Tip:
Har lithium battery ko sirf 48V, 60V ya 72V dekhkar pehchanna paryapt nahi hai.
3
Battery Voltage aur Load Test
Sirf khaali voltage dekhkar faisla na lein
Pehle battery ka open-circuit voltage note karein.
Phir safe aur uchit load condition me voltage ka behaviour dekhein.
Load par bahut zyada voltage girna weak battery, zyada resistance, kharab connection ya zyada load ka sanket ho sakta hai.
Load dete hi output band ho jaye to BMS protection bhi karan ho sakta hai.
Reading ko battery ki age, temperature, load aur configuration ke saath samjhein.
Practical Tip:
Kisi ek fixed voltage-drop number ko saari batteries par laagu na karein.
4
BMS Protection
Battery ki power kab band ho sakti hai
Over-voltage protection charging ke dauraan kaam kar sakti hai.
Under-voltage protection bahut kam cell ya group voltage par kaam kar sakti hai.
Over-current protection zyada current aane par output rok sakti hai.
Short-circuit protection fault milne par output disconnect kar sakti hai.
Temperature protection zyada garam ya bahut thande temperature me charging/discharging rok sakti hai.
Practical Tip:
BMS trip hone par sirf reset karne ki koshish na karein. Pehle trip hone ka karan dhundhein.
5
Battery Connector aur Heating
Garam connector ko nazarandaz na karein
Loose connector se resistance badh sakti hai.
High current par zyada resistance se heat paida hoti hai.
Kaala ya pighla plastic overheating ka sanket ho sakta hai.
Burnt smell ya jala hua terminal bhi dhyan dene layak sanket hai.
Sahi rating wale connector aur achhi crimping ka use karein.
Practical Tip:
Terminal garam hua hai to sirf terminal badalne ke bajay ye bhi pata karein ki wo garam kyun hua.
Practical Checklist
Battery type aur chemistry pehchanein.
Open-circuit voltage measure karein.
Lead-acid batteries ki reading compare karein.
Battery connector aur terminal dekhein.
Load behaviour aur BMS protection ko dhyan me rakhein.
Safety First
Lithium battery pack ko bina uchit training ke kholna ya cells ko short karna khatarnak hai.
Module Complete?
Checklist complete karne ke baad next module par move karein.
Training information is for general diagnostic learning. Always follow the vehicle and component manufacturer's specifications.